Abstract:
Metastasis is the main cause of cancer death and poor prognosis. It is vital to clarify the mechanism of tumor metastasis to improve the prognosis of patients. Enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2), an important member of the Polycomb group (PcG), is widely involved in regulating various cellular physiological processes, such as cell migration, cell cycle, cell proliferation, cell apoptosis, DNA damage repair, and cell self-renewal, etc. EZH2 can simultaneously determine the expression level of downstream genes through PRC2-dependent transcriptional regulation and PRC2-independent translational regulation. In addition, EZH2 can not only methylate histone H3 lysine 27 or non-histone proteins, inhibits multiple tumor suppressor genes, but also interact with other proteins independent of methyltransferase activity to promote tumor invasion and metastasis. Thus, EZH2 is important in tumor development. Increasing evidence indicates that EZH2 is closely related to tumor metastasis, and can promote tumor invasion and metastasis through a variety of ways, such as epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), cancer stem cells (CSC), angiogenesis, non-coding RNA (ncRNA), post-translational modification, etc. In this review, combined with domestic and foreign literature reports, the mechanism of EZH2 in tumor metastasis is summarized and elucidated, so as to provide new treatment ideas for tumor metastasis.