Abstract: With the development of surgical technology and perioperative management, surgical resection of abdominal tumors involving large blood vessels, which had previously been considered untreatable, is now possible using vascular reconstruction. Surgical operation combined with vascular resection and reconstruction has expanded the range of tumor resection, improved the tumor resection rate, and prolonged the survival time of patients. The portal vein (PV)/superior mesenteric vein (SMV) system, which is the main vascular structure frequently invaded by tumors, is important for surgical treatment of hepatobiliary, pancreatic, and duodenal tumors. The safe application of combined PV/SMV system resection and reconstruction brings new hope for these patients. Both ends of the portal vein system are capillary networks. Blood flow is slow, and blood is thick and easy to coagulate. Failure of reconstruction will seriously affect liver blood supply and may even cause liver failure. The implant material is an important factor affecting the outcome and prognosis of the surgery. Autologous vein/other tissue, allogeneic vein, and artificial material are all available repair materials at present. This review describes the research progress of vascular grafts for PV/SMV reconstruction and describes the characteristics and clinical application of various materials.