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摘要: 接受腹盆腔放疗的患者有一定程度放射性肠损伤的发生，损伤部位可以累及小肠、结肠和直肠，主要表现为腹痛、腹泻、便血、里急后重、梗阻等，大多数为轻度症状，可以自行缓解，少数严重者明显影响生存质量。现代精确放疗一定程度上减轻了不良反应，但是仍无法完全预防，且目前尚无特效的治疗用药，治疗上以对症治疗和支持治疗为主，如止痛、止泻、抗炎和黏膜保护剂灌肠等药物对症治疗；菌群移植也可在一定程度上缓解症状，同时需要营养支持和心理干预的支持等。本文对放射性肠损伤在目前国内外的支持治疗的最新研究进行总结，为临床应用提供参考，以期为今后的研究方案提供指导。Abstract: During or after abdominal or pelvic radiotherapy, a proportion of patients experience radiation enteritis, involving the small bowel wall, colon, and rectum. Symptoms include pain, diarrhea, bleeding, tenesmus, and obstruction. In most cases, symptoms are mild and self-resolving; however, they may also be serious and greatly affect patients’ quality of life. Although modern precise radiotherapy has reduced the incidence of radiation enteritis to some extent, radiation enteritis cannot be completely prevented, and currently, no specific therapeutic drug is available. The therapeutic strategy focuses mainly on symptomatic and supportive care and includes the use of pain relief, antidiarrheal, and anti-inflammatory drugs, as well as sucralfate enemas. Microbial transplantation also relieves symptoms to a certain extent. In addition, nutritional support and psychological intervention are often required. In this review, we summarized the advancements in symptomatic and supportive care for patients with radiation enteritis.
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Key words:
- radiation enteritis /
- supportive care /
- advance of treatment
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