Abstract: The incidence of prostate cancer, a highly hereditary disease, is increasing every year in China. With the development of sequencing technologies and the increasing related researches, we have a better understanding of familial and hereditary prostate cancer wherein increasing number of gene mutations, single nucleotide polymorphisms, and copy number variations have been confirmed to be closely associated with the pathogenesis of prostate cancer. Several drugs targeting the possible pathogenic factors have been developed, and their efficacy has been confirmed via clinical trials. A better in-depth understanding of the characteristics of familial and hereditary prostate cancer is crucial for developing new approaches in the clinical management of the disease. In this review, we evaluated the characteristics, genetic basis, treatment, detection, and screening of familial and hereditary prostate cancer.