Abstract: Management of cancer peritoneal metastasis (PM) has evolved enormously over the past three decades. Long-term survival and even clinical cure could be achieved in some selected PM patients treated by cytoreductive surgery (CRS) plus hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC). French experts have made historic contributions in this field, and have played a leading role in international collaborations. This paper highlighted the establishment, development, and historical achievements by the French collaborating networks (RENAPE and BIG-RENAPE), and emerging challenges and opportunities in the new era of peritoneal surface oncology, including peritoneal tumor genesis, molecular mechanism of development, molecular pathological diagnosis, high-risk factors of peritoneal metastasis, indications for CRS+HIPEC, etc., it is necessary for French and global scholars in the field of peritoneal surface malignancy to face the opportunities and challenges of the new era.