真实世界遗传学高危的急性髓系白血病患者临床结局分析

黄可秀 王云鲭 李迪 邱洁蕾 王磊 郑雅龄 岳春燕 李玉华 黄睿

黄可秀, 王云鲭, 李迪, 邱洁蕾, 王磊, 郑雅龄, 岳春燕, 李玉华, 黄睿. 真实世界遗传学高危的急性髓系白血病患者临床结局分析[J]. 中国肿瘤临床, 2023, 50(3): 150-156. doi: 10.12354/j.issn.1000-8179.2023.20221026
引用本文: 黄可秀, 王云鲭, 李迪, 邱洁蕾, 王磊, 郑雅龄, 岳春燕, 李玉华, 黄睿. 真实世界遗传学高危的急性髓系白血病患者临床结局分析[J]. 中国肿瘤临床, 2023, 50(3): 150-156. doi: 10.12354/j.issn.1000-8179.2023.20221026
Kexiu Huang, Yunqing Wang, Di Li, Jielei Qiu, Lei Wang, Yaling Zheng, Chunyan Yue, Yuhua Li, Rui Huang. Clinical outcomes of acute myeloid leukemia with genetically poor prognosis: a real-world study[J]. CHINESE JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY, 2023, 50(3): 150-156. doi: 10.12354/j.issn.1000-8179.2023.20221026
Citation: Kexiu Huang, Yunqing Wang, Di Li, Jielei Qiu, Lei Wang, Yaling Zheng, Chunyan Yue, Yuhua Li, Rui Huang. Clinical outcomes of acute myeloid leukemia with genetically poor prognosis: a real-world study[J]. CHINESE JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY, 2023, 50(3): 150-156. doi: 10.12354/j.issn.1000-8179.2023.20221026

真实世界遗传学高危的急性髓系白血病患者临床结局分析

doi: 10.12354/j.issn.1000-8179.2023.20221026
基金项目: 本文课题受国家自然科学基金项目(编号:82100157)资助
详细信息
    作者简介:

    黄可秀:专业方向为血液系统恶性肿瘤的研究

    通讯作者:

    黄睿 rachelchn@163.com

Clinical outcomes of acute myeloid leukemia with genetically poor prognosis: a real-world study

Funds: This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 82100157)
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  • 摘要:   目的  观察标准化疗诱导的预后不良组急性髓系白血病(acute myeloid leukemia, AML)的临床特征。  方法  回顾性分析南方医科大学珠江医院2016年1月至2020年12月收治的98例首个疗程使用标准方案化疗的预后不良组AML患者的临床和实验室资料。  结果  预后不良组AML患者中位年龄为37(18~67)岁,其中男性占61.2%。复杂核型(30.0%)、+8(20.0%)、单体核型(18.9%)是最常见的细胞遗传学异常,FLT3-ITD(34.1%)、ASXL1(20.5%)、RUNX1(15.9%)、DNMT3A(15.9%)、TET2(15.9%)是最常见的基因突变,其首疗程完全缓解率为37.8%。中位总生存期(median overall survival,mOS)和中位无事件生存期(median event-free survival,mEFS)分别是17个月和6个月,中位无复发生存期(median relapse-free survival, mRFS)为12个月。移植方面,有55例患者进行了异基因造血干细胞移植,中位随访16个月,mOS尚未达到,显著高于未移植组的9个月(P<0.001)。移植后1年及2年累积复发率分别是22.7%及31.8%,1年的非复发死亡率为15.8%。此外,对于34例首个疗程诱导后评估为未缓解的患者,不同方案的治疗效果比较显示:CAG±去甲基化药物方案相较于标准“3+7”方案具有更高的再诱导完全缓解率(77.8% vs. 23.1%;P=0.027)。  结论  预后不良组AML患者缓解率低,复发率高,生存期短。对于首疗程诱导化疗效果较差的预后不良组AML,CAG联合去甲基化药物是一种可考虑的再诱导方案。

     

  • 图  1  不同AML患者Kaplan-Meier生存曲线比较

    A:接受allo-HSCT或仅接受化疗的AML患者生存比较;B:移植前是否达到CR的AML患者生存比较

    表  1  预后不良AML患者基线特征

    基线特征1所有患者行allo-HSCT未行allo-HSCTP
    n=98)n=55)n=43)
    男性(n,%) 60(61.2) 36(65.5) 24(55.8)0.331
    中位年龄(岁)37(18~67)34(18~58)48(18~67)<0.001
    继发性AML(n,%)7(7.1)1(1.8)6(14.0)0.041
    实验室检查
     白细胞计数(×109/L)25.4(1.0~323.2)23.6(1.0~323.2)46.7(1.1~243.7)0.656
     血红蛋白含量(g/L)75.5(14.0~137.0)81.0(14.0~137.0)67.5(31.0~111.0)0.005
     血小板计数(×109/L)44.0(3.0~540.0)48.0(3.0~234.0)40.0(7.0~540.0)0.635
     原始细胞比例(%)71.5(15.5~98.0)79.0(24.0~98.0)53.3(15.5~95.5)0.004
    染色体异常(n,%)
     复杂核型27(30.0)13(26.5)14(34.1)0.432
     +818(20.0)11(22.4)7(17.1)0.525
     单体核型17(18.9)7(14.3)10(24.4)0.223
     t(v;11q23.3)8(8.9)6(12.2)2(4.9)0.283
     −77(7.8)2(4.1)5(12.2)0.239
     −17/abn177(7.8)3(6.1)4(9.8)0.698
     t(3;3)(q21.3;q26.2)6(6.7)1(2.0)5(12.2)0.089
     −5/−5q4(4.4)1(2.0)3(7.3)0.327
     t(9;22)2(2.2)2(4.1)0(0)1.000
     t(6;9)(p23;q34.1)1(1.1)1(2.0)0(0)1.000
    分子学异常(n,%)
     FLT3-ITD30(34.1)20(40.0)10(26.3)0.180
     ASXL118(20.5)10(20.0)8(21.1)0.903
     RUNX114(15.9)6(12.0)8(21.1)0.250
     DNMT3A14(15.9)7(14.0)7(18.4)0.574
     TET214(15.9)10(20.0)4(10.5)0.229
     TP539(10.2)3(6.0)6(15.8)0.166
     IDH26(6.8)4(8.0)2(5.3)0.695
     NRAS5(5.7)4(8.0)1(2.6)0.384
     KRAS5(5.7)2(4.0)3(7.9)0.648
     PHF64(4.5)3(6.0)1(2.6)0.631
     IDH13(3.4)2(4.0)1(2.6)1.000
     KIT3(3.4)1(2.0)2(5.3)0.576
    a:染色体异常和分子学异常临床数据存在少数缺失。对于染色体异常的计算,所有患者组、行allo-HSCT组和未行allo-HSCT组分母分别为90、49、41;对于分子学异常的计算,所有患者组、行allo-HSCT组和未行allo-HSCT组分母分别为88、50、38;P值:行allo-HSCT组和未行allo-HSCT组进行比较
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  2  预后不良AML患者OS的单因素和多因素分析 n=98)

    变量单因素分析多因素分析
    HR(95%CI)PHR(95%CI)P
    性别 0.794(0.452,1.393) 0.421
    年龄1.032(1.010,1.054)0.0030.995(0.962,1.029)0.775
    继发性AML5.543(2.219,13.846)<0.0015.182(0.700,38.360)0.107
    实验室检查
     白细胞计数1.000(0.997,1.004)0.809
     血小板计数1.000(0.996,1.005)0.910
     血红蛋白含量0.991(0.978,1.003)0.148
     原始细胞比例0.989(0.976,1.002)0.0891.0(0.977,1.024)0.967
    染色体异常
     复杂核型1.983(1.101,3.571)0.0227.818(2.223,27.496)0.001
     +80.822(0.395,1.707)0.5980.181(0.052,0.625)0.007
     单体核型1.814(0.938,3.506)0.0771.966(0.376,10.277)0.423
     t(v;11q23.3)0.958(0.343,2.675)0.9353.753(0.855,16.485)0.080
     −72.513(1.057,5.972)0.0370.275(0.044,1.720)0.168
     −17/abn172.168(0.917,5.122)0.0780.282(0.041,1.948)0.199
     t(3;3)(q21.3;q26.2)2.815(1.093,7.250)0.0321.389(0.182,10.600)0.751
     −5/−5q3.704(1.318,10.404)0.013
     t(9;22)0.048(0,131.251)0.451
     t(6;9)(p23;q34.1)0.048(0,487.727)0.519
    分子学异常
     FLT3-ITD0.608(0.307,1.204)0.1532.346(0.744,7.395)0.146
     ASXL11.327(0.670,2.626)0.4176.170(1.557,24.443)0.010
     RUNX10.765(0.323,1.812)0.5421.337(0.341,5.250)0.677
     DNMT3A1.256(0.556,2.836)0.5833.320(0.973,11.330)0.055
     TET20.836(0.353,1.980)0.6840.414(0.085,2.026)0.277
     TP532.588(1.147,5.843)0.0221.348(0.331,5.491)0.677
     IDH20.848(0.262,2.746)0.7831.345(0.242,7.477)0.735
     NRAS0.625(0.151,2.587)0.5170.425(0.053,3.414)0.421
     KRAS0.499(0.069,3.635)0.4930.047(0.004,0.610)0.019
     PHF61.896(0.586,6.134)0.285
     IDH10.709(0.097,5.150)0.734
     KIT4.590(1.382,15.242)0.013
    异基因造血干细胞移植0.243(0.136,0.436)<0.0010.224(0.081,0.621)0.004
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  3  首个疗程后评估为NR的AML患者再诱导CR率的对比(n=34)

    组别CR率(%)
    CAG±HMA vs. 标准方案
     CAG±HMA77.8(7/9)
     标准方案23.1(3/13)
    P0.027
    强化方案 vs. 标准方案
     强化方案50.0(6/12)
     标准方案23.1(3/13)
      P0.226
    下载: 导出CSV
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  • 收稿日期:  2022-07-09
  • 录用日期:  2022-10-17
  • 修回日期:  2022-10-11
  • 网络出版日期:  2022-11-02

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