Abstract: Schwann cells (SCs) are the most important glial cell type in the peripheral nervous system and play an important role in nerve injury repair. In recent years, studies have shown that SCs act as the bridge between nerves and tumor cells. By connecting with tumor, immune, and mesenchymal cells, they regulate the local tumor microenvironment, enhance perineural tumor growth and innervation, and promote tumor growth, migration, and invasion, producing immune suppression and tumor pain and a series of malignant biological behavior. This article reviews the role and mechanism of SCs in non-neurologic tumors to provide a theoretical basis for future treatment strategies of anti-tumor therapy combined with SC targeting.