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摘要: 胃癌的发病率和死亡率均较高，早诊早治极为关键，需要更加灵敏的诊断技术与精准的治疗手段，才能在胃癌早期及时发现并将其有效遏制。外泌体是细胞分泌的一种囊泡，其携带多种具有生物活性的小分子，如蛋白质、RNA、DNA等。外泌体可作为细胞间通讯的一种功能介质，传递多种生物信息并介导受体细胞的生物进程。在肿瘤中，外泌体不仅积极参与肿瘤微环境的信息传递，而且具有调节细胞免疫应答的能力。近年来外泌体在肿瘤领域的相关研究取得了一系列进展，其参与胃癌增殖、侵袭、复发和转移、耐药以及新生血管形成等方面的调控。外泌体在胃癌的早期诊断与精准治疗方面具有重要意义，值得深入探索。本文就外泌体在胃癌诊疗中的研究进展进行综述。Abstract: Early diagnosis and treatment of gastric cancer are important owing to its high morbidity and mortality rates. However, further research needs to be conducted in this field. We require more sensitive diagnostic techniques and more accurate treatment methods than those currently available to detect and treat gastric cancer effectively in its early stages. Secreted by cells, exosomes are vesicles that carry various small bioactive molecules, such as proteins, RNA, and DNA. Exosomes are a medium of intercellular communication, transmitting biological information and mediating the biological processes of recipient cells. In tumors, exosomes have key roles of transmitting information in the tumor microenvironment and regulating cellular immune responses. In recent years, advances have been made in the research of the mediatory involvement of exosomes in cancer, including in stomach cancer cells proliferation, invasion, recurrence, and metastasis, as well as treatment resistance. Thus, exosomes play a substantial role in the early detection and targeted therapy of gastric cancer. This article reviews the research progress of exosomes in the diagnosis and treatment of gastric cancer.
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Key words:
- exosome /
- gastric cancer /
- drug resistance /
- biomarkers
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