维奈克拉联合去甲基化药物治疗急性髓系白血病的临床研究

阎丽杰 王文 董孝媛 冀学斌 刘传方 彭军

阎丽杰, 王文, 董孝媛, 冀学斌, 刘传方, 彭军. 维奈克拉联合去甲基化药物治疗急性髓系白血病的临床研究[J]. 中国肿瘤临床, 2023, 50(12): 636-642. doi: 10.12354/j.issn.1000-8179.2023.20230177
引用本文: 阎丽杰, 王文, 董孝媛, 冀学斌, 刘传方, 彭军. 维奈克拉联合去甲基化药物治疗急性髓系白血病的临床研究[J]. 中国肿瘤临床, 2023, 50(12): 636-642. doi: 10.12354/j.issn.1000-8179.2023.20230177
Lijie Yan, Wen Wang, Xiaoyuan Dong, Xuebin Ji, Chuanfang Liu, Jun Peng. Clinical study of venetoclax combined with hypomethylating drugs for the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia[J]. CHINESE JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY, 2023, 50(12): 636-642. doi: 10.12354/j.issn.1000-8179.2023.20230177
Citation: Lijie Yan, Wen Wang, Xiaoyuan Dong, Xuebin Ji, Chuanfang Liu, Jun Peng. Clinical study of venetoclax combined with hypomethylating drugs for the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia[J]. CHINESE JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY, 2023, 50(12): 636-642. doi: 10.12354/j.issn.1000-8179.2023.20230177

维奈克拉联合去甲基化药物治疗急性髓系白血病的临床研究

doi: 10.12354/j.issn.1000-8179.2023.20230177
详细信息
    作者简介:

    阎丽杰:专业方向为血液系统恶性肿瘤的研究

    通讯作者:

    彭军 junpeng88@sina.com

Clinical study of venetoclax combined with hypomethylating drugs for the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia

More Information
  • 摘要:   目的  探讨维奈克拉联合去甲基化药物在不适合强化诱导化疗的初治急性髓系白血病(acute myeloid leukemia,AML)及复发难治性AML(relapsed/refractory AML,R/R AML)患者中的疗效、预后及安全性。  方法  回顾性分析2020年7月至2022年10月于山东大学齐鲁医院收治的87例使用维奈克拉联合去甲基化药物治疗的AML患者,分为初治不适合强化化疗(unfit)组及复发难治组,收集患者临床资料,对两组患者的疗效、生存时间及不良反应进行分析。  结果  在疗效评估中初治unfit组中位治疗疗程为3(1~14)个,1个疗程后完全缓解(complete response,CR)率为42.86%,CR/完全缓解伴血液学不完全恢复(CR with incomplete hematologic recovery, CRi)率为77.55%, 总反应率(overall response rate,ORR)为83.67%,可检测残留病变(measurable residual disease,MRD)转阴率为34.69%;复发难治组中位治疗疗程为2(1~10)个疗程,1个疗程后CR率为23.68%, CR/CRi率为52.63%, ORR为 60.53%,MRD转阴率为31.58%。基因型与疗效的相关分析显示复发难治组中异柠檬酸脱氢酶(isocitrate dehydrogenase, IDH)突变型CR/CRi率及MRD转阴率较IDH野生型更高。在生存分析中初治unfit组中位随访时间为14个月,中位生存时间未达到,1年累计生存率为64.6%;复发难治组中位随访时间为8个月,中位生存时间为9个月,1年累计生存率为46.7%。在安全性评估中血液系统不良反应发生率为100%; 非血液系统不良反应发生率为97.7%,2.3%患者出现肿瘤溶解综合征(tumor lysis syndrome,TLS)。  结论  维奈克拉联合去甲基化药物在初治unfit的AML及复发难治性AML患者中疗效肯定,几乎所有接受该方案治疗的患者均会出现不良反应,但大多数患者可耐受,治疗过程中需加强对TLS监测。

     

  • 图  1  两组患者基因突变情况分析

    图  2  初治unfit组及复发难治组患者Kaplan-Meier生存曲线

    表  1  患者基线特征 例(%)

    临床特征初治unfit组(n=49)复发难治组(n=38)总计
    年龄(岁)
     <6520(40.82)29(76.32)49(56.32)
     ≥6529(59.18)9(23.68)38(43.68)
    性别
     男20(40.82)15(39.47)35(40.23)
     女29(59.18)23(60.53)52(59.77)
    AML类型
     原发性42(85.71)35(92.11)77(88.51)
     继发性*7(14.29)3(7.89)10(11.49)
    FAB分型
     M03(6.12)3(7.89)6(6.90)
     M11(2.04) 0 (0) 1(1.15)
     M25(10.20)2(5.26)7(8.05)
     M45(10.20)5(13.17)10(11.49)
     M531(63.27)22(57.89)53(60.92)
     不确定4(8.17)6(15.79)10(11.49)
    外周血白细胞计数(×109/L)
     <421(42.86)20(52.63)41(47.12)
     4~1012(24.49)8(21.05)20(22.99)
     >1016(32.65)10(26.32)26(29.89)
    乳酸脱氢酶(U/L)
     ≤23012(24.49)19(50.00)31(35.63)
     >23037(75.51)19(50.00)56(64.37)
    骨髓原始细胞(%)
     <309(18.37)16(42.10)25(28.74)
     30~5011(22.45)6(15.79)17(19.54)
     >5028(57.14)16(42.11)44(50.57)
     不详1(2.04)0 1(1.15)
    ELN预后危险度分层
     预后良好8(16.33)9(23.69)17(19.54)
     预后中等21(42.86)14(36.84)35(40.23)
     预后不良20(40.82)15(39.47)35(40.23)
    HMA
     阿扎胞苷47(95.92)29(76.31)76(87.36)
     地西他滨2(4.08)5(13.16)7(8.04)
     阿扎胞苷/地西他滨0 4(10.53)4(4.60)
    联合使用抗真菌药
     泊沙康唑9(18.37)2(5.26)11(12.64)
     伏立康唑35(71.43)29(76.32)64(73.56)
    *:继发性AML包括MDS/MPN转化、治疗相关性AML
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  2  复发组及难治组患者1个周期后疗效比较

    项目复发组(n=26)难治组(n=12)P
    CR5(19.23)4(33.33)0.423
    CRi13(50.00)7(58.33)0.734
    ORR15(57.69)8(66.67)0.728
    MRD转阴7(26.92)5(41.67)0.460
    ()内单位为%
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  3  基因突变与疗效的相关性分析

    基因型CR/CRi(例)PORR(例)PMRD转阴(例)P
    初治unfit组
     IDH0.0810.1900.079
      突变型12126
      野生型262911
     NPM10.645>0.9990.170
      突变型886
      野生型303311
     FLT30.5270.2770.306
      突变型9106
      野生型293111
    复发难治组
     IDH0.0430.1760.009
      突变型10108
      野生型10134
     NPM1>0.999>0.999>0.999
      突变型895
      野生型12147
     FLT30.7340.728>0.999
      突变型674
      野生型14 16 8 
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  4  87例患者非血液学不良反应分析

    项目例(%)
    感染76(87.36)
     肺部感染75(86.21)
     皮肤软组织感染8(9.20)
     尿路感染1(1.15)
    呕吐33(37.93)
    便秘40(45.98)
    腹泻17(19.54)
    低钾血症24(27.59)
    心律失常3(3.45)
    皮疹5(5.75)
    肝功能异常25(28.74)
    TLS2(2.30)
    其他
     癫痫1(1.15)
     下肢麻木1(1.15)
     头痛1(1.15)
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  5  87例患者血液学不良反应分析 例(%)

    项目分级1~5级分级≥3级
    白细胞减少87(100)80(91.95)
    中性粒细胞减少85(97.70)81(93.10)
    发热伴中性粒细胞减少56(64.37)56(64.37)
    贫血86(98.85)71(81.61)
    血小板减少79(90.80)71(81.61)
    下载: 导出CSV
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出版历程
  • 收稿日期:  2023-02-27
  • 录用日期:  2023-05-15
  • 修回日期:  2023-05-13
  • 网络出版日期:  2023-05-29

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