Abstract: During the treatment of breast cancer, common problems are drug resistance caused by medical treatments and non-essential trauma caused by surgery. Clinically, it is crucial to find a method to treat breast cancer, which is precise and less harmful. Due to the refractory nature and diversity of breast cancer, it is of great importance to study how to apply targeted therapies to find highly effective targets for different types of breast cancer. Near-infrared photoimmunotherapy (NIR-PIT) can specifically kill cancer cells and induce lasting immune responses in humans under NIR light irradiation, affecting physiological processes such as cancer progression, metastasis and invasion. This provides a further reference for the targeted therapy of breast cancer. This review provides an overview of the mechanisms and properties of NIR-PIT and common targets for the treatment of breast cancer.