Abstract: Objective:To analyze the diagnostic methods and risk factors of female lung cancer, and to investigate the role of fiberoptic bronchoscopy in the early diagnosis of lung cancer. Methods:The bronchoscopy data of 238 female lung cancer patients seen in our hospital between January 2005and December 2008were enrolled. The fiberoptic bronchoscop-ic features with clinical imaging, main risk factors of lung cancer and the pathological types were analyzed. χ2
test was used for statistical analysis. Results: The major pathological type of lung cancer was adenocarcinoma in females younger than 40years and squamous cell carcinoma in patients older than 60years. The proliferative type was correlated with squa -mous cell carcinoma. Its imaging manifestion was a mass and the main risk factor was smoking. The infiltrating type was correlated with adenocarcinoma. Its imaging manifestation was mainly pleural effusion and the main risk factor was indoor soot inhalation. Conclusion:Females exposed to indoor soot inhalation for a long time especially those with a number of risk factors should be offered a screening with low dose CT (LDCT) regularly. Fiberoptic bronchoscopy and cytohistology are of great value for early diagnosis of lung cancer in those with abnormal findings in CT.