Abstract: Objective: To explore the correlation between pancreaticobiliary maljunction (PBM) and biliary carcinoma. Methods:The clinical and cholangiopancreatographic data of 293 obstructive jaundice (OJ) patients receiving the T tube draining or percutaneous transhepatic cholangiodrainage in Henan Tumor Hospital and the 1st Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from January 1999 to October 2007 were analyzed retrospectively. Thirty-nine patients, whose biliary and pancreatic ducts were visualized in percutaneous transhepatic cholangiobiopsy (PTCD) or T-tube visualization with definite pathologic proof were measured for the length of common ducts and the confluence angle respectively, and35 cases were diagnosed as PBM. Control study was performed to evaluate the relationship between PBM and biliary carcinoma in a cohort of 35patients with PBM and the control group of97cases, the latter of which was selected randomly from 258 OJ patients without PBM.Results: The incidence rate of biliary carcinoma in the cases with PBM was significantly
higher as compared to that in the patients without PBM ( P<0.01).The common ducts length and confluence angle had no significant influence on the incidence rate of this disease ( P>0.05). Conclusion:PBM is closely related to the biliary carcinogenesis.