Abstract: Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and drug-related toxicity of GemOx ± R (gemcitabine, oxaliplatin ± ritux -imab) regimen in the treatment of patients with relapsed or refractory aggressive non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL). Methods: Twenty-nine patients with histologically confirmed relapsed or refractory aggressive NHL were given GemOx ± R regimen: gemcitabine 1000 mg/m 2 , iv, d 1 and d 8; oxaliplatin 130 mg/m 2 , iv, d 1; with/without rituximab 375 mg/m 2 , iv d 0. One cycle was administrated for 21~28days. Each patient completed at least 2 cycles.Results: Of the 29patients, the response rate was 65.5%. Eleven patients had complete response (CR) and 8 patients had partial response (PR). The response rates of B cell and T cell lymphoma were 68.4% and 60%, respectively; the differences between the two groups were not significant (P > 0.05). However inside the group of B cell lymphoma, the response rates of RGemOX and GemOx were 80% and 55.6%, respectively, with significant difference (P = 0.043 ). The major side effects were bone marrow depression and gas -trointestinal reactions. Conclusion: GemOx±R regimen showed high efficacy with low toxicity. It is an effective salvage regi -men for patients with relapsed or refractory aggressive NHL.