Abstract: To investigate the characteristics and differences in the clinical characteristics and prognosis of triple-negative breast cancer between the Han and Uygur ethnic groups. Methods: Clinical data of 458 operable patients of the Han and Uygur ethnic groups confirmed histo-pathologically that were treated at Xinjiang cancer hospital between January 2003 and January 2005 were analyzed. Triple-negative breast cancer patients were confirmed in the two groups and were analyzed with respect to clinical features, recurrence, and 5-year disease-free survival ( DFS ). Results: Out of the 458 patients, which included 97 Uygur patients and 361 Han Chinese patients, 108 patients ( 23.6%, 108/458 ) were confirmed to have triple-negative breast cancer. Moreover, the triple-negative breast cancer rate in the Uygur and Han patients was 28.9% ( 28/97 ) and 22.2% ( 80/361 ), respectively. The two groups had statistically significant differences in tumor size and clinical stage ( P < 0.05 ), however, the recurrence rate and 5-year DFS in the two groups were not significantly different from each other. Conclusion: The Urgur patients were diagnosed with late-stage cancer compared with the Han patients. The Urgur patients had higher proportions of T3 than the Han patients. Moreover, the Urgur patients had lesser proportions of T1 than the Han patients, whereas the proportion of the Uygur patients in stage III was significantly higher than that of the Han patients. However, no differences were found between the two groups. Further research should be taken to investigate the effects of prognostic factors between the Han and Uygur patients with triple-negative breast cancer.