Abstract:
Objective This study aims to investigate the expression and significance of Ki-67 in their cell smears of pleural effusion and ascites, using the thin-layer cytology test.
Methods This study involved 49 and 25 cases of malignant and benign pleural and peritoneal effusions, respectively. Immunohistochemical staining method was used to detect Ki-67 expression in the cell smears of both malignant and benign groups after all samples underwent cell smearing via thin-layer cytology test under an optical microscope. Semi-quantitative analysis was performed using an image analysis system.
Results The antigen expression of Ki-67 positive cells of the malignant group was significantly higher than that of the benign group (P < 0.01). Moreover, the MLI of Ki-67 in the malignant group was higher than that in the benign group (P < 0.05). The relative protein content of the Ki-67 positive cells in the malignant group was also significantly higher than that in the benign group (P < 0.01). However, the Ki-67 expression in both groups were not significantly different in terms of gender, age, and illness history (P > 0.05).
Conclusion The Ki-67 expression in pleural effusion and ascites can be used as a new biomarker in the early diagnosis of malignant pleuroperitoneal effusions. The results of this study can help identify the clinical nature of pleural effusion and ascites. Thin-layer cytology test is also a convenient and effective method for identifying malignant pleural effusion and ascites.
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