Abstract: Along with the advancement in the screening and diagnostic techniques of malignancy and the development of oncotherapy, more young women are diagnosed with cancer. However, the survival rate is increasing in cancer patients. When cancer is controlled, quality of life, which often includes the ability to bear a normal child, then becomes a major issue. Chemotherapy and radiotherapy may damage feminine fertility in cancer comprehensive treatment. At present, the measures of reproductive preservation are mainly by drug preserves and assisted reproductive technology (ART). However, most studies in drug preserves have raised several controversies regarding their effectiveness. Currently, embryo cryopreservation is the main ART used in fertility protection. However, it is restricted to adults and married couples in our country. Although successful pregnancies after oocyte or ovarian issue cryopreservation have been reported, the technique is not recommended for extensive use in clinics because of the difficulty in technology. Other methods are still in the experimental stage. Based on the state of present developments, numerous unsolved problems reauire further exrploratinn.