Objective  This study aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of palonosetron hydrochloride injection in preventing nausea and vomiting induced by chemotherapy.

  Methods  Eighty osteosarcoma patients receiving high-dose cisplatin(100 mg/m²) and adriamycin(60-80 mg/m²) were randomly divided into an experimental group(palonosetron hydrochloride group) and control group(hydrochloride ondansetrongranisetron group), each group 40 cases.Compare two sets of preventive chemotherapy in acute phase of vomiting total efficiency, delay period of vomiting complete remission rate, and at different times after treatment nausea full control rate, and adverse reactions were evaluated.

  Results  The experimental group for the prevention of acute phase vomiting total effective rate of 80%, 77.5% difference compared with the control group was not statistically significant P=0.785).Delay period(observered seperately in the 3rd day, 5th day and 7th day), vomiting complete remission rate, the experimental group were significantly higher(P < 0.05).5th day and 7th day after treatment nausea experimental group full control rate was significantly higher than that in the control group, the difference was statistically significant(P=0.039, P=0.034).The two sets of adverse reactions compare the difference was not statistically significant(P > 0.05).

  Conclusion  Palonosetron Hydrochloride Injection can better prevent osteosarcoma high-dose chemotherapy the delay caused nausea and vomiting, adolescent patients have better security.