Abstract: microRNA(miRNA) is an endogenous, non-coding, single-stranded RNA that consists of 21 to 25 nucleotides.miRNA is a regulating factor of gene expression and other biological functions.miRNAs also regulate the differentiation and regeneration of cancer stem cells(CSCs).CSCs are cells that generate cancer.Furthermore, CSCs can severely cause tumor and exhibit drug resistance.This study investigated the use of miRNA as a new tool for stem cell research.The progress of miRNA regulation in CSCs was also reviewed.