Abstract: Bladder cancer is among the most commonly identified malignant tumors in the urinary system and usually has the worse outcomes.The factors related to the occurrence and progression of this urologic cancer has received considerable research attention.The discovery of marker genes enhances the sensitivity and specificity of early diagnosis and treatment of bladder cancer.Furthermore, these genes can be used as the candidate targets for antitumor drugs and methods.A large number of studies have revealed that the gene mutations or abnormal expressions of the proteins, such as surviving, TGF-β, PLK1, ki67, and mcm5, are closely associated with the occurrence and development of bladder cancer.Several studies on the biological characters and mechanism of the related proteins have provided meaningful experimental information and theoretical basis for the diagnosis and treatment of bladder cancer.In this review article, we summarized the status of the current studies in this field.