肿瘤患者院内感染的临床分析与预防措施

冯紫薇; 黄端; 郝淳敏; 李润田; 孙兰英; 高文彬; 尹光雅

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-8179.2013.15.014

肿瘤患者院内感染的临床分析与预防措施

Clinical analysis of nosocomial infections in hospitalized cancer patients and effective precautionary measures

摘要

摘要:
目的对肿瘤患者医院感染情况进行临床分析并提出预防措施。
方法采用回顾性调查方法, 对天津医科大学附属肿瘤医院2012年1月1日至12月31日56 430例出院病例进行医院感染调查分析。
结果发生医院感染825例, 感染率为1.46%, 其中年龄≥60岁者占46.42%。胃部肿瘤科感染率最高, 肝胆肿瘤科感染构成比最高。感染病原菌以革兰氏阴性菌为主, 真菌感染相对较少。易感部位是腹部和消化道, 主要病原菌是大肠埃希菌。
结论医护人员应高度重视上述影响因素, 采取综合防治措施, 降低肿瘤患者医院感染率。

Abstract:
Objective The present study aimed to conduct a clinical analysis of nosocomial infections in hospitalized cancer patients and propose effective precautionary measures.
Methods We retrospectively analyzed 56, 430 cases of discharges from the Cancer Institute and Hospital of Tianjin Medical University between January and December 2012.
Results Among 825 cases, the rate of nosocomial infections was 1.46%;46.42% of the patients aged > 60 years.The highest infection rate was observed in the Medical Department of Stomach Cancer.The highest composing rate was recorded in the Department of Hepatobiliary Cancer.The major pathogenic bacteria were Gram-negative bacilli; fungal infections were relatively rare.The most vulnerable body parts were the abdomen and digestive tract, which were mainly infected by pathogenic Escherichia coli.
Conclusion Healthcare workers should consider the importance of influencing factors and take precautionary measures to reduce the rate of nosocomial infections in cancer patients.

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