Abstract: Based on special biological characteristics and prognosis, the incidence of gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma (GEJA) has rapidly increased over recent years, and its diagnosis and treatment remain controversial.Compared with simple surgery, neo-adjuvant and adjuvant therapies can improve the survival of patients with locally advanced GEJA.Under neo-adjuvant therapy, neo-adjuvant chemoradiation is superior to neo-adjuvant chemotherapy alone for improving the resectability, maintaining loco-regional control, and improving the quality of life of the patient.The combination of this therapy with targeted drugs may further increase the efficacy of GEJA.Most data on GEJA-treated patients were obtained from randomized clinical studies on esophageal cancer or gastric cancer.Thus, prospective randomized controlled studies with a large sample size should be performed to optimize the strategy of neo-adjuvant and adjuvant therapies, and further improve the treatment outcome.In this article, studies on the comprehensive treatment of GEJA were reviewed.