Abstract: Objective: To compare the clinical efficacy of oxycodone hydrochloride controlled- release tablets (OHCT) and pa -tient-controlled intravenous analgesia (PCIA) in the treatment of intractable cancer pain. Methods:Retrospective analysis was conduct-ed to evaluate the intractable cancer pain of 89elderly patients who were admitted to the medical oncology departments of The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University and the Fuzhou General Hospital of Nanjing Military Command between September 2012and March 2014. Among the 89patients, 47were treated with OHCT, and 42received PCIA. The total dosage ranged from 60mg/ d to 400 mg/d PO q12h for patients in the OHCT group, whereas a "background dose + patient-controlled dose" mode was adopted for patients in the PCIA group. The therapeutic efficacy, presence of adverse reactions, cost of treatment, and degree of patient satisfaction were compared between the two groups. Results:The average dosages of analgesics in the two groups were almost the same ( P>0.05). Visual analogue scale (VAS) values and daily average VAS values were both lower in the PCIA group than in the OHCT group at 24h after analgesia (P<0.05). The incidence of adverse reactions, such as nausea and vomiting, was also lower in the PCIA group than in the OHCT group ( P<0.05). The cost of treatment and degree of patient satisfaction were the same in both groups ( P>0.05). Conclusion:Pa-tients who received PCIA attained better analgesia and exhibited less adverse reactions than those who received OHCT whereas the treatment cost and patient satisfaction did not differ in both groups.