Abstract: Objective:To analyze the clinical manifestations, radiographic features, and pathological classification of the juvenile ossifying fibroma (JOF) of the jaws and discuss its clinical management and prognosis. Methods:From January 2005to December 2014, 15patients with JOF who underwent surgery were retrospectively investigated with regard to clinical and radiologic data. On the basis of the standards of the World Health Organization in 2005, JOF was divided into juvenile psammomatoid ossifying fibroma (JPOF) and juvenile trabecular ossifying fibroma (JTOF). Results:Among the 15patients, 10were female and 5 were male. Patient age ranged from 7 years old to 18years old with a mean of10.93years old. Nine cases were located in the mandible and 6 in the maxilla. The clinical manifestation was painless swelling of the jaw, but 20% of the cases showed jaw swelling with pain. Various JOF radiolog-ic appearances, such as radiolucent, mixed radiopaque-radiolucent, or ground-glass pattern, were observed. Ten of the 15patients were JTOF and5 were JPOF With regard to treatment,4 patients underwent conservative surgery, 3 patients lived with tumors, and 11 pa -tients underwent radical surgery during the follow- up period; no lesion recurrence occurred. Nine patients underwent reconstruction, that is, 5 cases with fibula flap graft,3 cases with free iliac graft, and 1 case with costal cartilage graft. Conclusion:JOF is a rare form of benign fibro-osseous lesions and occurs in adolescents. Mandible and maxilla are two of the most common locations. Early diagnosis and treatment and strict clinical and radiological follow-up is important in the clinic because of the aggressiveness and high recurrence rate of JOF. Operation time and treatment options should be selected according to the patients' specific situation.