Abstract: Objective:To investigate the outcomes of the regimen with docetaxel, cisplatin, and 5-fluorouracil (TPF regimen) in chrono- chemotherapy, and evaluate the feasibility of reducing the toxicity and immunological damage in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients with distant metastasis at preliminary diagnosis, then to compare the advantages and disadvantages between chrono-che -motherapy and traditional chemotherapy. Methods:A total of 46NPC patients with distant metastasis at preliminary diagnosis (UICC 2010stage IVc) were enrolled in this study. These NPC patients were randomly divided into chrono- chemotherapy and conventional chemotherapy groups, with 23cases for each group. TPF neo- adjuvant chemotherapy was conducted in both groups for two cycles, with 21days to 28days for each cycle. The following regimen was used for the chrono-chemotherapy group: docetaxel 75mg/m2 , infu-sion, d 1; cisplatin 75mg/m2, 10:00a.m.-10:00p.m., continuous infusion, d1-d 5; and fluorouracil 750 mg/(m2· d),10:00p.m.-10:00a.m., continuous intravenous infusion, d1- d 5. The following regimen was used for the conventional chemotherapy group: docetaxel 75 mg/m2, infusion, d 1; cisplatin 75mg/m2, infusion, d 1; and fluorouracil 750 mg/(m2· d), continuous infusion, d1-d 5, 120 h. Patients whoobtained therapeutic efficacy via induction chemotherapy were provided with intensity- modulated radiotherapy as a concurrent radio-therapy and chemotherapy (DDP 100 mg/m2, infusion, d 1-d 2, with 21days each cycle and a total of two courses). One month after con-current chemoradiation, an adjuvant chemotherapy with the same regimen as the induction chemotherapy was employed for a total of two courses. Acute and late toxicities were graded in accordance with the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events v3.0 scor -ing. Tumor response was evaluated using the 2000Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors. The effective rates included complete and partial responses. Relevant data were analyzed by SPSS16.0 statistical software. Results: More emesis was observed at Grade 2 or above in the conventional chemotherapy group than in the chrono- chemotherapy group, with statistical significance between the two groups (P=0.035). After chemotherapy, the value of CD4/CD 8 increased in the chrono-chemotherapy group and decreased in the con -ventional chemotherapy group, with statistical significance between the two groups (P=0.033). Conclusion:The proposed chrono-che-motherapy outperforms conventional chemotherapy in reducing the occurrence of severe vomiting. This chrono-chemotherapy may be advantageous in reducing severe bone marrow depression and may play a positive role in the immune function of NPC patients.