Abstract: Hyalinizing trabecular tumor (HTT) is a primary thyroid tumor discovered20years ago. This tumor is usually misdi -agnosed as papillary thyroid carcinoma because of their many similar nuclear features. Although controversy has focused on the malig -nant potential of HTT, results show that this tumor has a favorable clinical prognosis. Improving the preoperative diagnosis of HTT can reduce the scope of operation because misdiagnosis before or during surgery may lead to unnecessary total thyroidectomy. This study re -viewed the pathology, diagnosis, therapy, and prognosis of HTT.