王君辅①, 谢勇②, 胡林②, 李昌荣②, 李伟峰②, 李红浪②. 胃癌D2 根治术后迟发性出血的临床分析及防治[J]. 中国肿瘤临床, 2016, 43(6): 245-249. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-8179.2016.06.246
引用本文: 王君辅①, 谢勇②, 胡林②, 李昌荣②, 李伟峰②, 李红浪②. 胃癌D2 根治术后迟发性出血的临床分析及防治[J]. 中国肿瘤临床, 2016, 43(6): 245-249. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-8179.2016.06.246
Junfu WANG, Yong XIE, Lin HU, Changrong LI, Weifeng LI, Honglang LI. Analysis and prevention of postoperative delayed hemorrhage associated with radical D2 gastrectomy[J]. CHINESE JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY, 2016, 43(6): 245-249. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-8179.2016.06.246
Citation: Junfu WANG, Yong XIE, Lin HU, Changrong LI, Weifeng LI, Honglang LI. Analysis and prevention of postoperative delayed hemorrhage associated with radical D2 gastrectomy[J]. CHINESE JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY, 2016, 43(6): 245-249. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-8179.2016.06.246

胃癌D2 根治术后迟发性出血的临床分析及防治

Analysis and prevention of postoperative delayed hemorrhage associated with radical D2 gastrectomy

  • 摘要: 目的:探讨胃癌D 2 根治术后迟发性出血的原因、处理方法及预后防治。方法:回顾性分析南昌大学第二附属医院2015年1月至2015年10月294 例胃癌D 2 根治患者的临床资料。结果:15例患者手术后发生迟发性大出血,占同期患者的5.1%(15/ 294),其中腹腔镜下胃癌根治术9 例、开腹胃癌根治术6 例;大血管出血7 例,吻合口漏、吻合口溃疡致出血3 例,十二指肠残端破裂致出血2 例,其他部位出血2 例,部位不明1 例。11例经二次手术,2 例经数字减影血管造影(digital subtraction angiography,DSA )+ 经导管介入下动脉栓塞(transcathete arterial embolization,TAE )止血,1 例经内镜下止血,1 例经保守治疗,二次手术率73.3%(11/ 15),死亡率40%(6/ 15),治愈率60%(9/ 15)。 结论:胃癌D 2 根治术后迟发性出血二次手术率及死亡率较高,临床中需综合患者出血情况及原因积极采取治疗。重大血管出血、吻合口漏、吻合口溃疡、十二指肠残端破裂是最重要危险因素,腹腔动脉性出血及吻合口漏并发症引起出血是最主要致死原因。对于出血量大,生命体征不稳定患者应及时行二次手术和腹腔引流术为有效的处理方法;对于生命体征平稳,出血量少患者可行保守治疗;对于单纯吻合口溃疡出血患者可采取内镜下止血;对于出血部位不明患者可行DSA 明确出血部位,再行TAE 治疗。

     

    Abstract: Objective:To investigate the cause, treatment, and prognosis of delayed hemorrhage in patients who underwent radical gastrectomy. Methods: The clinical data of 294 patients who underwent radical gastrectomy in the Second Hospital Affiliated from Nanchang University from January 2015to October 2015were retrospectively analyzed. Results: A total of 15patients suffered from delayed hemorrhage and accounted for5.1% of the gastric cancer cases in our hospital for the same period of radical gastrectomy. Of the 15 patients, 9 underwent laparoscopic radical gastrectomy and 6 received open radical gastrectomy resection. Large vascular hemorrhage was found in 7 cases. Anastomosis and anastomotic ulcer induced hemorrhage were observed in 3 cases. Duodenal stump rupture induced hemorrhage was detected in2 cases. Hemorrhage was also observed in some parts in 2 cases. Likewise, hemorrhage occurred in 1 case, but the affected parts were unknown. Of the 11patients who underwent a second operation, 2 were subjected to digital subtraction angiography (DSA) and transcathete arterial embolization (TAE) to stop hemorrhage. Endoscopic hemostasis was performed to stop hemorrhage in 1 case. Conservative treatment was administered to stop hemorrhage in 1 case. The secondary surgery rate was 73.3% (11/15) with mortality and curative rates of 40% (6/15) and60% (9/15), respectively. Conclusion: For delayed hemorrhage after D 2 of gastric cancer, a second radical surgery and death rates were high. Therefore, patients suffering from hemorrhage should be subjected to comprehensive clinical treatment and positive measures. Major vascular bleeding, anastomotic leakage, anastomotic ulcer, and duodenal stump rupture are relevant risk factors. Anastomotic fistula and celiac artery bleeding complications caused hemorrhage is the leading cause of death. Extensive bleeding and unstable vital signs should be checked. A second operation and abdominal drainage should also be timely conducted to as effective methods. Realistic and conservative treatment can be administered to patients with stable vital signs and low amount of blood loss. Endoscopic hemostasis can be applied to alleviate simple anastomotic ulcer bleeding. DSA can be initially performed to detect unknown bleeding sites. TAE can be subsequently used to treat hemorrhage.

     

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