Abstract: Objective:To evaluate the application of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (18F-DG-PET/CT) in asymptomatic people with rising tumor markers incidentally found during plysical examination. Methods:A total of 183 people with at least one kind of firmly rising tumor marker and without undergoing any other type of previous examinations from June 2008to July 2015were selected. The role of PET/CT imaging in these patients was retrospectively analyzed after long-term clinical fol-low-up. Results: 18F-FDG-PET/CT detected 43positive patients, of which 34were confirmed to have a malignant disease; the most com-mon malignant disease was lung cancer. 18F- FDG- PET/CT had a better detection rate in people with rising CEA, CA 199 , and CA 242 . A few partial individuals with single rising CEA are expected to be detected by PET/CT, with a detection rate of 13. 0% and a sensitivity of 79. 0%. Moreover, the high level of CEA and CA242 was correlated with the detection rate of 18F-FDG PET/CT scan. In individuals with multiple types of rising tumor markers, who are classified as the group with rising CA242 and CA 724 , the number of rising tumor mark -ers was significantly correlated with the detection rate of PET/CT scan. Conclusion: We tend to recommend the application of 18F-FDG-PET/CT in asymptomatic people with rising tumor markers, especially in those with rising CA 724 and CA 242 , as well as a high level of CEA and CA 242 . However, the effectiveness of 18F- FDG- PET/CT was questionable for people with a single abnormality of CA199 and CA724 . Therefore, we recommend other types of examination prior to 18F-FDG-PET/CT.