Abstract:
A 54-year-old man diagnosed with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) was admitted in our department in June 2014. After one cycle of FC chemotherapy, a bone marrow examination revealed normalized lymphocyte count and another acute myeloid leukemia (AML)-M5 clone. The patient refused sequential treatment and only received follow-up examination. He had continuous hematologically stable disease and died of pulmonary infection on July 2015. After a multidisciplinary team discussion, we confirmed the simultaneous diagnosis of CLL and AML-M5. Through this discussion, "tumor second hit model, " "tumor evolution model, " and "tumor heterogeneity" were further defined.