Abstract: With the diversification in surgical population and the progress of surgical techniques, the current clinical application of preoperative pulmonary function assessment methods can hardly be qualified for accurately assessing whether lung cancer patients can tolerate surgical treatment and surgery-related risk. This paper focuses on the advantages and weaknesses of the commonly-used pulmonary function assessment methods, with the literature review of the clinical application status and progress of pulmonary function currently. We aim to achieve a reasonable evaluation of preoperative cardio-pulmonary function assessment, and sequentially reduce the risk and occurrence of surgical-related complications.