Objective  To compare the detection rate of colorectal adenoma (CRA) and its risk factors in different areas.

  Methods  Patients with CRA from the 7th People's Hospital of Chongqing were designated to area group A (n=2182), and those from the 281 Hospital of PLA in Qinhuangdao were designated to area group B (n=1866). The high risk group was screened on the basis of the following factors: ① positive fecal occult blood; ② colorectal cancer history of first-degree relatives; ③ intestinal adenoma history; ④ cancer history; ⑤ change in defecation habit; and ⑥ history of at least two of the following: chronic diarrhea, chronic constipation, mucus and bloody stool, chronic appendicitis or appendix removal, and chronic cholecystitis or gallbladder removal. The detection rate of CRA and the high risk groups, the distribution of risk factors, and the detection rate of CRA in every risk factor in the two groups were compared.

  Results  The detection rate of CRA (15.6%) and the high risk group (25.8%) in area group A were similar to those in area group B (15.2%, 25.4%) (P > 0.05). The distributions of risk factors from high to low in the two groups were ⑤, ⑥, ①, ③, ②, and ④. The distribution of risk factor ⑤ was higher in area group A (36.4%) than in area group B (30.6%) (χ²=3.900, P=0.048). The detection rate of CRA in area group A (57.6%) with factor ⑤ was higher than that in area group B (44.1%) (χ²=6.131, P=0.013).

  Conclusion  The detection rate of CRA and the high risk group in the 7th People's Hospital of Chongqing were similar to those in the 281 Hospital of PLA. By contrast, the distributions of risk factors differ in the two area groups. Therefore, the screening direction of CRA in different areas should be based on the risk factors.