Abstract:
Objective To investigate the risk factors of breast cancer complicated with deep venous thrombosis (DVT) in lower limb and to explore the predictive significance of the thrombus risk assessment model for patients with breast cancer.
Methods A total of 703 patients with breast cancer in Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital who suffered from DVT after operation during January 2013 to June 2016 were retrospectively selected as the thrombosis group. A total of 706 cases for the control group were selected by systematic sampling. The risk factors of lower limb DVT after surgery were investigated. The predictive values of the Khorana and Caprini thrombosis risk assessment models for these patients were also presented in this research.
Results Age, BMI ≥30 kg/ m2, diagnosis by excisional biopsy, neoadjuvant chemotherapy, operation time >2 h, lipoprotein a (Lpa) >475.5 mg/L, protein C (PC) < 102.5%, blood coagulation factor-Ⅷ (F-Ⅷ) >129.8%, and D-Dimer (D-D) >289.99 ng/mL had statistical differences between in the two groups (P < 0.05). Significant difference between the groups was found in the Caprini scores (P < 0.001) but not in the Khorana thrombosis risk assessment model (P = 0.207).
Conclusion Age, BMI ≥30 kg/m2, diagnosis by excisional biopsy, neoadjuvant chemotherapy, operation time >2 h, Lpa >475.5 mg/L, PC < 102.5%, F-Ⅷ >129.8%, and D-D >289.99 ng/mL are the independent risk factors of thrombosis. The Caprini thrombosis risk assessment model may require complicated evaluation. Hence, a new model that is suitable for patients with breast cancer must be developed.