Abstract: Targeted treatment for tumors is based on the molecular biological aspects of a tumor.Identifying tumor-associated molecules as targets and then creating molecular preparations based on these targets is the goal of drug treatment and targeted therapy. Treatment for advanced renal carcinoma has evolved since the era of targeted therapy began eleven years ago when sorafenib was approved in China in September, 2006.This article reviews the development of molecular targeted treatment for tumors, discuss the efficacy of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) inhibitors for the treatment of advanced renal carcinoma, evaluate the problems arising from clinical experiences, and put forward some suggestions for targeted treatment of advanced renal carcinoma.