Research progress on the role of epidermal growth factor receptor in human head and neck squamous cell carcinomas
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摘要: 头颈部鳞状细胞癌（head and neck squamous cell carcinoma，HNSCC）是常见的恶性肿瘤，恶性程度较高，患者常出现复发和转移。表皮生长因子受体（epidermal growth factor receptor，EGFR）是重要的癌基因，在头颈鳞癌中广泛过表达，且与HNSCC患者的预后呈负相关，是重要的治疗靶点。但HNSCC中的EGFR靶向治疗效果却不如在非小细胞肺癌治疗中那么有效。近几年的研究发现，EGFR促进肿瘤细胞对治疗耐受的机制可能与其过表达、突变、单核苷酸多态性、入核和自噬有关。本文将就这几个方面进行综述，并探讨如何在HNSCC的治疗中更有效地利用EGFR这一靶点，为探索HNSCC的治疗策略提供新的方向。Abstract: Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is a common malignant tumor with a relatively high degree of malignancy, which often induces recurrence and metastasis. Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is an important oncogene that is overexpressed in HNSCC and is negatively correlated with prognosis, making it an important therapeutic target. However, EGFR-targeted therapy for HNSCC is not as effective as it is for non-small cell lung cancer. Recent studies have found that EGFR can promote resistance of tumor cells to therapeutic agents via its overexpression, mutation, single nucleotide polymorphism, nuclear translocation, and induction of autophagy. This article will review these aspects and discuss how to utilize EGFR more effectively in treating HNSCC, and also provide a new direction for exploring therapeutic strategies for HNSCC.
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表 1 近年发现的EGFR功能性突变及意义
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