Abstract: Lung cancer is a malignant tumor, leading to the highest morbidity and mortality worldwide. Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounts for approximately 80% of all lung cancer types. Out of all the patients with advanced NSCLC, more than 40% develop brain metastasis, and lung cancer associated with brain metastasis indicates poor prognosis. Traditional treatment options, such as radiotherapy, chemotherapy and surgery, have an extremely limited role in improvement of prognosis of such patients. In recent years, with the development of stereotactic radiotherapy and targeted therapy, particularly chemotherapy combined with targeted therapy, radiotherapy combined with targeted therapy and other types of therapies, NSCLC patients with brain metastases could benefit from these therapies with an improved quality of life and prolonged median overall survival. However, the ideal treatment regimen for NSCLC patients with brain metastases remains controversial. Recent advances in NSCLC with brain metastases will be described elaborately in this paper, to provide a theoretical basis for selecting a reasonable treatment plan for non-small lung cancer patients with brain metastasis.