儿童鼻咽癌的治疗进展

摘要: 鼻咽癌在儿童疾病中较罕见，在儿童恶性肿瘤中发病率 < 5%，遗传易感性可能是儿童鼻咽癌发病特性。放化疗综合治疗是局部晚期鼻咽癌的主要治疗模式，调强放疗是目前儿童鼻咽癌首选放疗方式。化疗同样选择铂类为基础的诱导化疗、同步化疗或辅助化疗。84%的鼻咽癌患儿放疗后产生不同程度的放射性损伤，目前仍缺乏最佳放疗剂量、化疗和放化疗联合方案，以期减少并发症，改善远期生存质量。此外，新型靶向治疗、免疫治疗等是未来研究方向，对儿童鼻咽癌治疗需要前瞻性多中心试验进一步探讨。本文就目前儿童鼻咽癌的临床科研成果和未来研究方向进行论述。
- 鼻咽癌 /
- 儿童 /
- 放射疗法 /
- 化疗 /
- 预后 /
- 放射性损伤
Abstract: Nasopharyngeal carcinoma is a rare condition, accounting for < 5% of all malignant tumors in children, and genetic susceptibility may be its pathogenesis. Chemoradiotherapy is the main treatment modality for locoregional advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Intensity-modulated radiotherapy with platinum-based induction chemotherapy, synchronous chemotherapy, or adjuvant chemotherapy is the preferred treatment for childhood nasopharyngeal carcinoma. After radiotherapy, 84% of patients with childhood nasopharyngeal carcinoma have different degrees of radiation injury. For now, there is still a lack of the best combination regimen of radiation dose, chemotherapy, and chemoradiotherapy to reduce complications and improve the long-term quality of life. In addition, future studies should focus on the new type of targeted immunotherapy for childhood nasopharyngeal carcinoma; moreover, further prospective multicenter trials should be conducted. This review illustrates the clinical research achievements and future research directions for childhood nasopharyngeal carcinoma.
- nasopharyngeal carcinoma /
- childhood /
- radiotherapy /
- chemotherapy /
- prognosis /
- radiation injury

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