Abstract: Following the development of antineoplastic modalities and improvement in the prognosis of patients with cancer, the occurrence of cardiotoxicity induced by chemotherapeutic drugs is increasing. Traditional chemotherapeutic drugs, mainly anthracyclines cause varying degrees of direct or indirect damage to the heart, which may even occur several years after the end of treatment. This issue is becoming more complicated with the emergence of some new antineoplastic drugs. Treatment options for patients with cancer are limited, and these also have an important effect on patient survival and prognosis. Cardio-oncology is a emerging discipline that involves understanding the pathophysiology of cardiotoxicity induced by chemotherapeutic drugs, evaluation of the risks, early detection and systematic management, and optimal drug therapy to reduce the occurrence of cardiotoxicity and to improve the prognosis of patients.