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摘要: 胃癌是发病率和死亡率较高的恶性肿瘤。近年来，随着分子生物学技术的发展和各种新兴组学检测技术的涌现，胃癌分子流行病学工作者广泛探讨人群危险因素暴露、癌前病变、胃癌形成等过程中的相关遗传和宿主因素以及环境-遗传交互作用，探索相关的生物学标志物，为胃癌的预防和控制提供了重要证据。本文综述了近年来胃癌分子流行病学最新研究进展，分别阐述基于候选策略下的血清和血浆标志物研究、全基因组关联研究、全外显子组测序研究、基于组织芯片技术的研究以及代谢组学和微生物组学等方面的现有研究证据，为未来胃癌分子流行病学研究工作提供借鉴和参考，促进胃癌的病因学研究和精准防控。Abstract: Gastric cancer is a malignant tumor characterized by high morbidity and mortality. With the development of molecular biology technology and the emergence of various new omics detection techniques in recent years, molecular epidemiologists of gastric cancer have conducted extensive studies on the genetic and host factors, as well as gene-environment interactions associated with exposure to environmental factors in gastric cancer. In addition, epidemiologists have studied the evolution of precancerous gastric lesions, the development of gastric cancer, and explored relevant biomarkers to provide major evidence for the prevention and control of gastric cancer. This review summarizes the latest advances in the molecular epidemiology of gastric cancer, including existing evidence in studies for candidate-approach-based serum/plasma biomarkers, genome-wide association, whole-exome sequencing, tissue microarrays, as well as studies on metabolomics and microbiomes. We expect to provide insights into the future of molecular epidemiology studies in gastric cancer, promoting etiologic research, and the precise prevention and control of gastric cancer.
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Key words:
- gastric cancer /
- biomarkers /
- molecular epidemiology
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表 1 基于候选策略的血清/血浆标志物
表 2 全基因组关联研究报道的胃癌相关遗传位点
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