Abstract: On December 27, 2018, the first domestic anti-PD-1 antibody, toripalimab, was approved by the State Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of advanced melanoma after the failure of standard treatment. This represented a major breakthrough in the field of biopharmaceuticals in China and laid the foundations for pharmaceutical research and development in the field of tumor immunotherapy. In this article, we summarize the clinical research of the treatment of melanoma, the application of toripalimab in this field, and the global development of other anti-PD-1 antibodies, to provide guidance for the research and treatment of melanoma in China.