乳腺癌新辅助化疗后前哨淋巴结活检术的研究进展

Research progress of sentinel lymph node biopsy after neoadjuvant chemotherapy for patients with breast cancer

摘要: 新辅助化疗（neoadjuvant chemotherapy，NAC）为乳腺癌患者的临床分期降期带来可能，使不可手术变为可手术，不可保乳变为可保乳。前哨淋巴结活检术（sentinel lymph node biopsy，SLNB）极大降低了早期乳腺癌患者的腋窝淋巴结清扫（axillarylymph node dissection，ALND）率。目前，由于检出率较低而假阴性率较高，NAC后乳腺癌患者能否采用SLNB方法评估腋窝淋巴结状态仍有争议。本文将针对NAC后解决SLNB检出率低和假阴性率高的方法以及处理腋窝淋巴结等方面进行综述。

Abstract: Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) may lower the stage of breast cancer, making surgical treatment and breast-conserving surgery possible in this patient group. Sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) significantly reduces the rate of axillary lymph node dissection in patients with early-stage breast cancer. Currently, owing to the low detection rate and the high false-negative rate, it is unclear whether SLNB can be used to evaluate the status of axillary lymph nodes in patients with breast cancer after NAC. This article reviews the methods that can be used for addressing the low detection rate and high false-negative rate of SLNB, and the treatment of axillary lymph nodes after NAC.