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摘要: 腹膜种植转移是恶性肿瘤三大转移途径之一，也是临床肿瘤学长期认识不足、诊治技术水平落后的"老、大、难"问题。近30年，腹膜种植转移外科整合诊治技术体系的建立、完善和推广，引领了肿瘤腹膜转移基础、转化和临床研究热潮，推动形成了腹膜肿瘤学学科雏形，填补了临床肿瘤学的空白。基于对腹膜转移肿瘤生物学规律、特点和机制的深入认识，腹膜肿瘤临床诊断学、治疗学核心技术体系初步建成并逐渐完善，诞生了高级别循证医学证据导向的"十大里程碑"事件。2012年，《中国肿瘤临床》首推"腹膜转移癌专栏"，引领国内肿瘤学界着力研究腹膜癌诊治策略。8年来，在中国抗癌协会的大力支持下，我国腹膜肿瘤学专家协同努力，逐步完善了中国特色的腹膜癌综合诊疗技术体系，出版了国内首部腹膜癌专著，制定2项腹膜癌诊治专家共识，在学科理论形成、研究平台建设、临床实践指南等方面，全面引领了国内腹膜肿瘤学学科发展。今年再度推出"腹膜转移癌研究"专栏，系统介绍我国腹膜癌领域的最新成果，促进临床肿瘤学的发展，推动腹膜肿瘤学学科建设。Abstract: Peritoneal seeding is one of the three primary forms of cancer metastasis. Significant adverse events are observed in such cases due to inadequate understanding and knowledge of peritoneal cancer. Over the past 30 years, the establishment, improvement, and promotion of surgery-based integrated diagnostic and treatment strategy for peritoneal metastasis have led to an increase in basic, translational, and clinical research. This has resulted in the formation of a new discipline, peritoneal surface oncology. Based on an in-depth understanding of the biological basis, characteristics, and mechanisms of peritoneal metastasis, core clinical diagnostic and therapeutic techniques have been established and improved. From this, the "Ten Milestones" of high-level evidence-based treatment progress has been established. In 2012, the Chinese Journal of Clinical Oncology first launched the "Special Column on Peritoneal Metastasis, " urging Chinese clinical oncologists to improve the diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for peritoneal carcinomatosis. Over the past 8 years, with full support from the China Anti-Cancer Association and from oncologists across the country, a comprehensive diagnostic and treatment system for peritoneal metastasis with Chinese characteristics has been established. The publication of the first monograph on this topic in Chinese and the formation of two expert consensuses have led to developments in discipline theory, research platform construction, clinical practice guidelines, and other aspects regarding peritoneal surface oncology in China. Once again, entrusted by the Chinese Journal of Clinical Oncology, we organized the special column "Highlights in Peritoneal Carcinomatosis" aiming to systematically summarize the latest achievements in the field of peritoneal cancer in China, promote the developments in clinical oncology, and provide an overview of the discipline of peritoneal surface oncology.
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Key words:
- peritoneal metastasis /
- clinical oncology /
- expert consensuses
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图 1 腹腔游离癌细胞与乳斑细胞成分间的相互作用，是腹膜癌形成的核心病理机制
▶A：腹腔游离癌细胞黏附于间皮细胞或通过乳斑孔；B：肿瘤相关巨噬细胞在乳斑中的双重作用；在肿瘤趋化因子作用下，单核细胞通过血管迁移到乳斑区域，分化为肿瘤相关巨噬细胞，包括M1和M2巨噬细胞；M1是促炎因子，具有肿瘤抑制作用，M2有利于肿瘤生长和转移；C：腹腔游离癌细胞和M2巨噬细胞促进间皮细胞凋亡和纤维化；D：乳斑内肿瘤血管生成；肿瘤血管因子是促进内皮细胞增殖和迁移最重要的因素；E：腹膜癌形成前，乳斑内微转移形成
表 1 腹膜转移癌诊疗的十大里程碑事件
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