Abstract:
Thyroid cancer is the most common endocrine malignancy, and its incidence is increasing rapidly. Differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC) accounts for about 90% of all thyroid cancers, and a favorable prognosis can be obtained after treatment. However, 5%- 10% of DTC may result in post-operative disease recurrence or even progression to anaplastic thyroid cancer. The curative effects of traditional treatment on these terminal/metastatic thyroid cancers are limited. However, research in recent years has shown that patients with thyroid cancer can benefit from immunotherapy. It is expected to become a new treatment modality to improve the prognosis of these patients. Microsatellite instability (MSI) is an important biomarkers for predicting the therapeutic effect of immunotherapy. Therefore, MSI is important in selecting patients who can benefit from immune checkpoint inhibitors. In this article, we review the current progress in research on MSI and immunotherapy in DTC, in order to provide a theoretical basis for the immunotherapy of DTC.