Abstract: With further advances in the research and application of alternating current electric fields in the medical field, researchers have found that low-intensity and medium-frequency alternating current electric fields have good therapeutic effects on tumors, which are called tumor electric field therapy or tumor-treating fields (TTFields).Studies have shown that the direct mechanism of TTFields includes interfering with the formation and localization of microtubules and diaphragm proteins, formation of dielectrophoresis, and destruction of cell structure.Indirect effects include the inhibition of tumor cell migration, invasion, and tumor angiogenesis, thereby affecting the tumor immune microenvironment and cell membrane permeability and inhibiting DNA repair.Concurrently, many factors, such as electric field frequency, intensity, action time, direction of alternating electric field, and anatomical structure with the treatment object, influence the effect of TTFields.In this review, the mechanism of TTFields and related factors affecting the curative effect were assessed to provide reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment.