Abstract: Objective : To study the clinical significance of the level of Th1 and Th2 cytokines in peripherial blood of endometrium cancer patients. Methods : Cytometric Bead Array was employed to detect six cytokines (IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-10) in peripherial blood from 52 patients with endometrium cancer, with 46 healthy females as the controls. Results : Compared with the control group, the expressions of IL-2, IL-4, and IL-5 were significantly higher (P <0.001) in patients with endometrium cancer, while TNF-α expression was lower. The ratio of Th1/Th2 was lower in patients, especially in those of advanced stage (P <0.05). No significant difference was found in the expression of cytokines among the groups with different pathological type and grade (P >0.05). However, the expression of Th2 cytokines was higher in patients with deep myometrial invasion or lymph node metastasis (P <0.05). Levels of IFN-γ, TNF-α and the ratio of Th1/Th2 after surgery were higher than those before surgery (P <0.05). No relationship was found between cytokines and survival data. Conclusion : Th1/Th2 cytokines were in an imbalance in endometrium cancer, especially in advanced cases. The expression of Th2 cytokines were higher in patients with deep myometrial invasion or lymph node metastasis. Surgery may convert the imbalanced state of Th1 and Th2 cytokines.