Abstract: Adenocarcinoma of the esophagogastric junction (AEG) is an adenocarcinoma that arises in the vicinityof the esophagogastric junction, including tumors in the distal esophagus and in the proximal stomach. Overthe past few decades, Western European and North American countries have witnessed a rapid increase inthe incidence of AEG. AEG has historically been considered a unique clinical entity with a poor prognosis.There has been longstanding confusion in the classification and treatment of AEG. The most widely adoptedclassification system of AEG is Siewert' s topographic classification. In this classification, type Ⅰ is distalesophageal adenocarcinoma and is believed to arise from Barrett' s esophagus, while type Ⅲ is adenocarci-noma of the gastric subcardia. Type Ⅱ adenocarcinoma is located between 1 cm proximal and 2 cm distal ofthe EGJ and is defined as a true carcinoma of the gastric cardia. WHO AEG classification is also used. Thereis still some controversy on the proper staging of AEG, especially that of N staging. The defining landmarks ofthe esophagogastric junction and the definition of the cardia remain controversial. Surgical resection is themain therapy for patients with no evidence of distant metastases. The prognostic factors for surgical treatmentinclude tumor stage, esophageal resection margin and lymph node involvement. Neoadjuvant therapy shouldbe used for AEG patients with larger tumors. Multimodality treatment including radiotherapy, chemotherapyand palliative surgery can be administered for advanced AEG patients. Almost all of the adenocarcinomasarising in the area of the esophagogastric junction were generally called carcinoma of the gastric cardia in Chi-na. Preliminary studies showed that the incidence of carcinoma of the gastric cardia has increased in the pastfew decades in some rural areas of China, but there are few formal studies on AEG. We suggest that oncolo-gists pay more attention to the study of AEG, including the epidemiological changes affecting AEG during thepast several decades in China, the putative similarity and differences in the etiology and clinical features ofAEG between Chinese and Western people, and the biological features of AEG.