Abstract: Small cell carcinoma of cervix (SCCC) is a rare and high-grade malignant neuroendocrine tumor. With poorer prognosis than cervical squamous cancer and adenocarcinoma, it should be treated differently. Diagnosis is based on presence of small and round cancer cells (oat cells), and confirmed by immunohistological staining. Combined therapy is recommended. Postoperative platinum/etoposide (PE), vincristine/adriamycin/cyclophosphamide(VAC), taxel/carboplatin (TP) chemotherapy can improve the prognosis. To understand SCCC better, we review its clinical characteristics, pathological features and especially the recent advances in the diagnosis and treatment of this disease.