Abstract: Objective : To investigate the relationship between the proliferation of nasal and nasopharyngeal epithelium with the expression of p16 and c-jun genes in TgN (p53mt-LMP1)/HT transgenic mice. Methodse : TgN (p53mt-LMP1)/HT transgenic mice and the same strain of C57BL/6J wild-type mice of 5 months old were randomly divided into two groups: cancer group and the control group. The animals were also divided into 4 groups in total: the TgN (p53mt-LMP1)/HT cancerous lesion-inducing group (TI), the TgN (p53mt-LMP1)/HT control group (TC), the C57BL/6J cancerous lesion-inducing group (CI) and the C57BL/6J control group (CC). At the end of the experiment, the proliferation of nasal mucosa and nasopharyngeal epithelium was evaluated by H&E staining and the expression of p16 and c-jun genes were determined by immunohistochemistry. Results: Atypical hyperplasia was significant in nasal and/or nasopharyngeal tissue samples of animals in TI group than in TC, CI and CC groups, with the occurring rates of precancerous lesions of 90%, 10%, 0 and 0, respectively respectively (P<0.01). Compared with TC, CI and CC groups, TI group had a lower level of p16 expression and a higher level of c-jun gene expression in nasal and nasopharyngeal epithelium (P<0.01). Compared with CC group, TC group had the same trend of p16 and c-jun expression (P<0.01). Conclusion : The proliferation of nasal and/or nasopharyngeal epithelium in TgN (p53mt-LMP1)/HT transgenic mice was improved. And N, N'-dinitrosopiperazine can remarkably promote the proliferation of nasal and/or nasopharyngeal epithelium. The involved mechanisms may be closely related with down-regulation of p16 expression and up-regulation of c-jun expression.