Abstract: Objective : To promote the diagnosis and treatment effect for renal pelvic can-cer. Methods : The prognosis-related factors 47 cases with renal pelvic cancer were retrospectively studied. Results : The overall 3 and 5 year survival rates of renal pelvic cancer were 65.9%(31/ 47) and 53.1% respectively. The 5 year survival rate was 55% in mono-focal renal pelvic cancer and 26.7%(2/7) in coexisting multi-organ carcinoma, P>0.05. The 5 year survival rate was 38.7% (12/31) in the cases with tumor >2.5cm or 75%(12/16) in the cases with tumor ≤2.5cm, P<0.05. The 5 year survival rate was 37.9%(11/29) in the cases with serious hydronephrosis, being significently lower than those of slight hydronephrosis which 5 year survival rate was 72.2%(13/18), P< 0.05. According to pathologic grade, the 5 year survival rate was 100%(6/6) in G1 tumor, 65.2% (15/23) in G2 tumor and 16.7%(3/18) in G3 tumor, P<0.01. According pathologic stage, the 5 year survival rate was 84.6%(11/13) in T1 tumor, 60%(12/20) in T2 tumor and 7.1%(1/14) in T3-T4, P<0.01. With radical nephrouretectomy with partial bladder resection via peritoneum, the 5 year survival rate was significently higher than that with nephrectomy or nephrouretectomy with partial bladder resection in G2 T2 or higher tumor, P<0.05. There was no significent difference be-tween the cases with postoperative occurrence of bladder carcinoma and no-occurrence in the 5 year survival rate, P>0.05. Conclusion : The pathologic grade and stage were the key point for prognosis, radical nephrouretectomy with partial bladder resection was an effective method to im-prove the prognosis of high grade and stage tumor.