Abstract: Objective: To explore the relationship between helicobacter pylori (Hp)infection and expressions of cyclooxygenase-2 (C0X-2) in the remnant stomach mucosa. Methods： The patients with gastrectomy were examined by upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. The biopsy specimens were obtained from stoma and the greater curvature of the upper corpus to assess for Hp (by H.E. and Giemsa staining) and conduct real-time semi-quantitative PCR. mRNA was extracted from biopsy specimens to measure the C0X-2 gene mRNA levels by real-time PCR method. Results： 0ur results revealed that Hp infection rate in the remnant stomach mucosa were 65.5Q(38/58). In 34 patients with BI anastomosis, C0X-2 levels in stoma and corpus were significantly higher in Hp-positive patients than in Hp-negative patients;In 24 patients with BII anastomosis, C0X-2 levels in Hp-positive patients were significantly higher than those in Hp-negative patients, including in stoma and in corpus. In 20 Hp-negative patients, C0X-2 levels in BI anastomosis were significantly higher than those in BII anastomosis. Conclusions: Hp infection induces C0*-2 mRNA expressions in the remnant stomach mucosa; The types of anastomosis also influence C0X-2 mRNA expressions.