Abstract: Objective : To investigate the hepatocellular carcinoma cell apoptosis induced by Bax gene and the effect of different ways on genes delivery. Methods : The anti-hepatocellular carcinoma activity of Bax gene transferred to the human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line QGY7703 was observed. Bax gene was transferred via murine caudal vein or hepatic artery to investigate the different effects on target organ and non-target organ. Results : 1) The Bax gene mediated by biadenoviral vector could induce apoptosis in human hepatic carcinoma cell QFY7703. The cell apoptotic rate in experimental group(Bax) was 50.2±6.9% while 32.1±9.7% in Ad/CMV-p53 group, which showed that Bax apoptotic rate was significantly higher than that of p53 and other control group. 2) The gene distribution and transduction rate in superselective group was higher ( the max rate 70%, average rate 36.33± 6.11%) than that in control group (P<0.05). In addition, the gene expression in non-target organ was fewer and target/non-target rate was high; high transduction can be accomplished with low virus titer through hepatic artery block; compared to hepatic artery, the hepatic cell transduction rate was lower when delivered through caudal vein. More gene distributed to non target organs. Conclusion : The superselective hepatic artery delivery with Bax gene therapy is safe, low toxic, specific and effective. This study provides the basis for Bax gene therapy via hepatic artery.