Abstract: Objective :To study the role and the feasibility of the operation for synthetical therapy of the early nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Methods : According to the classification of the UICC(1987), 82 cases of early nasophyngeal carcinoma were divied randomly into the operation group and control group. The operation group (42 cases) was given surgical operation in combination with radiotherapy and chemotherapy, while radiotherapy dosage was 60～70GY in nasopharynx. Intraoperative chemocherapy and postoperative chemotherapy (10 days after operation) with 1 gram Cytoxan were supplied. The control group (40 cases) was only given radiotherapy and with dosage 72～78GY in nasophyngnx. The two groups received Cobalt-60 and deep X-ray radiotherapy and they were followed-up for 10 years. Results : The radiotherapy dosage in nasopharynx for the operation group was 64.28±5.46GY and the radiotherapy dosage for the control group was 74.02±3.22GY; the 5-year survival rates were 85.71% (36/42) in the operation group and 75% (30/40) in the control group. The statistical comparison showed no significant difference between the operation group and control group (P>0.05). The 10-year survival rate was 73.81% (31/42) in the operation group and 52.50% (21/40) in the control group, respectively. The survival rate of the operation group increased remarkably (P<0.05). Conclusion : The surgical operation in primary nasopharyneal carcinoma is feasible, which can indirectly raise the sensitivity of the radiotherapy, reduce the radiopherapy dosage and may raise the late result on early nasophyngeal carcinoma.